{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Métodos de las cadenas"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### upper(): Devuelve la cadena con todos sus caracteres a mayúscula"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'HOLA MUNDO'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hola Mundo\".upper()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### lower(): Devuelve la cadena con todos sus caracteres a minúscula"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'hola mundo'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hola Mundo\".lower()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### capitalize(): Devuelve la cadena con su primer carácter en mayúscula"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Hola mundo'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"hola mundo\".capitalize()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### title(): Devuelve la cadena con el primer carácter de cada palabra en mayúscula"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Hola Mundo'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"hola mundo\".title()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### count(): Devuelve una cuenta de las veces que aparece una subcadena en la cadena"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hola mundo\".count('mundo')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### find(): Devuelve el índice en el que aparece la subcadena (-1 si no aparece)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "5"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hola mundo\".find('mundo')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "-1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hola mundo\".find('mundoz')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### rfind():  Devuelve el índice en el que aparece la subcadena, empezando por el final"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "17"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hola mundo mundo mundo\".rfind('mundo')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### isdigit(): Devuelve True si la cadena es todo números (False en caso contrario)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "c = \"100\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 12,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "c.isdigit()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### isalnum(): Devuelve True si la cadena es todo números o carácteres alfabéticos"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "c2 = \"ABC10034po\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 18,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "c2.isalnum()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### isalpha(): Devuelve True si la cadena es todo carácteres alfabéticos"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 22,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "c2.isalpha()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 24,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Holamundo\".isalpha()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### islower(): Devuelve True si la cadena es todo minúsculas"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 25,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hola mundo\".islower()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### isupper(): Devuelve True si la cadena es todo mayúsculas"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 26,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hola mundo\".isupper()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### istitle(): Devuelve True si la primera letra de cada palabra es mayúscula"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 30,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hola Mundo\".istitle()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### isspace(): Devuelve True si la cadena es todo espacios"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 32,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"  -  \".isspace()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### startswith(): Devuelve True si la cadena empieza con una subcadena"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 35,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hola mundo\".startswith(\"Mola\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### endswith(): Devuelve True si la cadena acaba con una subcadena"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 37,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hola mundo\".endswith('mundo')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### split(): Separa la cadena en subcadenas a partir de sus espacios y devuelve una lista"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Hola'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 41,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hola mundo mundo\".split()[0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### Podemos indicar el carácter a partir del que se separa:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 42,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Hola', 'mundo', 'mundo', 'otra', 'palabra']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 42,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hola,mundo,mundo,otra,palabra\".split(',')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### join(): Une todos los caracteres de una cadena utilizando un caracter de unión"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'H,o,l,a, ,m,u,n,d,o'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 44,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\",\".join(\"Hola mundo\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'H o l a'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 45,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\" \".join(\"Hola\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### strip(): Borra todos los espacios por delante y detrás de una cadena y la devuelve"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Hola mundo'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 9,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"   Hola mundo     \".strip()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### Podemos indicar el carácter a borrar:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 47,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Hola mundo'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 47,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"-----Hola mundo---\".strip('-')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### replace(): Reemplaza una subcadena de una cadena por otra y la devuelve"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'H0la mund0'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hola mundo\".replace('o','0')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### Podemos indicar un límite de veces a reemplazar:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 52,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Hola mundo'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 52,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Hola mundo mundo mundo mundo mundo\".replace(' mundo','',4)"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Python 3",
   "language": "python",
   "name": "python3"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "ipython",
    "version": 3
   },
   "file_extension": ".py",
   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
   "name": "python",
   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
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 "nbformat": 4,
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